Difference between revisions of "Budapest memorandum"

Latest revision as of 06:59, 23 November 2024

Russian President Boris Yeltsin, left, American President Bill Clinton, Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma, and British Prime Minister John Major, extreme right, sign the Budapest memorandum 1994.12.05 ^[1]

Award for invasion into Ukraine and annexation of Crimea, 2014.02.20-2014.03.18 ^[2]^[3]

protest 2014.09.08 ^[4]

Budapest memorandum (Будапештский меморандум) is treaty between Russia, Ukraine, UK and USA about nuclear weapon. According to this memorandum, Ukraine becomes non–nuclear country, while Russia, USA and UK respect the integrity of Ukraine.

The Budapest memorandum had been signed in Budapest 1994.12.05 and broken by Russian troops 2014.02.20 in Ukraine with beginning of the Russian invasion into Ukraine.

During years 2014 - 2022, the USA and the UK, signed as guarantees of soverenity of Ukraine, late to fulfill their promises, reminding the fairy tail by Rudyard Kipling ^[5]. Since the full-scale Russia-Ukraine war (see «Спецоперация», since 2022.02.24), the Western help gradually rise-up and becomes significant. Since year 2023, many authors expect the Russian nazis to be defeated and conditions of the Budapest memorandum to be recovered. As putin's Russia immanently cannot fulfill its international agreements, the collapse of RF is expected.

The text of Budapest memorandum is copypasted below from Wikisource ^[6] in order to simplify the referencing.

Historic text

Memorandum on Security Assurances in connection with Ukraine's accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

Budapest, 5 December 1994

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,

Welcoming the accession of Ukraine to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons as a non-nuclear-weapon State,

Taking into account the commitment of Ukraine to eliminate all nuclear weapons from its territory within a specified period of time,

Noting the changes in the world-wide security situation, including the end of the Cold War, which have brought about conditions for deep reductions in nuclear forces.

Confirm the following:

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the principles of the CSCE Final Act, to respect the Independence and Sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their obligation to refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of Ukraine, and that none of their weapons will ever be used against Ukraine except in self-defense or otherwise in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the principles of the CSCE Final Act, to refrain from economic coercion designed to subordinate to their own interest the exercise by Ukraine of the rights inherent in its sovereignty and thus to secure advantages of any kind.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to seek immediate United Nations Security Council action to provide assistance to Ukraine, as a non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, if Ukraine should become a victim of an act of aggression or an object of a threat of aggression in which nuclear weapons are used.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm, in the case of the Ukraine, their commitment not to use nuclear weapons against any non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, except in the case of an attack on themselves, their territories or dependent territories, their armed forces, or their allies, by such a state in association or alliance with a nuclear weapon state.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland will consult in the event a situation arises which raises a question concerning these commitments.

This Memorandum will become applicable upon signature. Signed in four copies having equal validity in the English, Russian and Ukrainian languages.

Historic context

Estimates for year 2022 ^[7] , for year 2023 ^[8] and for year 2024 ^[9]

Ukraine

Chebarkul

Kazakhstan

Mongolia

China

Forecast from year 2024: Karafuto is 7000 km away ^[10]^[11]^[12]

The Budapest memorandum seems to work until the Russian invasion into Ukraine and annexation of Crimea by the Russian troops.
Since 2014.02.20, the Budapest memorandum is kept in the unilateral way: the officials of Russia, the USA and the UK seem to forget about it, as sell as about the agreement between Russia and Ukraine about the border, see "1997.05.31.Договор" and "1999 постановление о государственной границе". Since that the surrogates of those agreements, know as Minsk Protocol ^[13] and its sequences are discussed.

Some authors claim, that, within a year since the Budapest memorandum is broken, Ukrainian military forces had been recovered their nuclear potential ^[14].

2017.05.10, Yuri Rybchinski (Юрий Рыбчинский) indicates, that Ukraine should recover the nuclear status since the Budapest memorandum is broken ^[15].

2017.06.28, Vyacheslav Nikonov (Никонов Вячеслав Алексеевич) indicates that Russia may use the nuclear weapon against Ukraine, if troops of NATO enter the Eastern Ukraine ^[16].

Since year 2022, the representatives of the USA and the UK look at the concentration of Russian troops near the border with Ukraine; the need to help Ukraine to deter the Russian aggression is recognized. ^[17]

Violation of conditions of the Budapest memorandum becomes evident 2022.02.24 with beginning of the full-scale Russian aggression, see «Спецоперация».
The comparison indicates, that in century 21, the Russian nazis (so-called «orks») greatly supperate their German colleagues of time of the Word War II in the scale of War crimes ^[18]. In this sense, the «Russki mir» («Русский мир») of century 21 is more dangerous for the Human civilization than the German nazism of century 20.

The Budapest memorandum does not put any restriction on methods that may be used and should be used against a country that had signed this memorandum but brutally violates its conditions. In this sense, any weapon can be used against the aggressor ^[19]^[20]^[21]^[22]^[23]^[24]^[25]^[26]^[27].
To year 2024, creation of the Buffer zone at Moscovia («Санитарная Зона») seems to be the only way to implement the guaranties specified in the Budapest memorandum.
No other way to fulfill the international agreements are found in the publications.

To year 2024, the RF has shown the total inability to follow the international agreements it has signed. At Moscovia, due to the total corruption and Russian nazizm (so-called «Russki mir», «Русский мир»), there is no state mechanism that could push the top Russian officials to follow the Law (neither the Federal Law, not the international agreements).
Some help to Ukraine is observed from side of other participants of the Budapest memorandum, namely, from the UK and from the USA; and also from other countries of the Anti-Putin coalition. However, since the beginning of the Russian invasion into Ukraine, during 10 years, neither American nor British officials found a way to implement their guarantees specified in the Budapest memorandum. The help to Ukraine from the Anti-Putin coalition is not sufficient to demilitarize and to denazify all the Russian troops sent to Ukraine. Since 2014, during 10 years, the administrations of Barak Obama, Donald Trump and Joe Biden failed to implement the guarantees signed by the American president Bill Clinton. This destroys the image of the USA as a "superpower".
During the Russian invasion into Ukraine, nuclear weapons threats from Moscovia became increasingly stronger ^[28]^[29]. This does not cause serious reaction in civilized countries: some authors still qualify the Russian usurper with word «President».
Since year 2024, the Russian nuclear doctrine allows the nuclear attack on a non-nuclear state. This makes it difficult for Ukraine to unilaterally comply with the Budapest memorandum.
The recovery of the Ukrainian nuclear weapon is expected for year 2025 ^[30]. It will be interesting to compare this forecast with future publications. In any case, both the failure of Ukraine and the successful recovery of Ukrainian nuclear weapons should mean the final death of the Budapest memorandum and confirmation of the inability of Moscovia, the US and the UK to implement the guarantees they promise.

Gallery

Warning

References about the Budapest memorandum are collected in TORI with scientific goals.

The destruction of the aggressors, ihtamnets, occupants and their bosses does not belong to the set of these goals.

In particular, the evidence, collected in the cited literature, should not be interpreted as an appeal to the compete destruction of the aggressor country using a high energy weapon.
The moral and religious aspects of use of a non-selective weapon against the fascistic country are considered in articles «I bombed Dresden», «А нас то за что» ^[31]
More civilized methods to deal with the state terror are considered in articles Hague, Nuremberg-2, «Payback».
Various forecasts, estimates, when such "civilized" methods can be used to return to conditions of the Budapest memorandum are collected in articles «Collapse of RF», «Duration», «График спецоперации».

People who do not participate in the war against the putin regime have reason to stay away from the Russian strategic and military objects (and preferably out of the Buffer zone at Moscovia («Санитарная Зона»)) in order not to happen at the wrong place at the moment of the demilitarization and denazification.

However, Editor keeps his right to call things with their proper names, to construct the historic models and to compare their predictions with/to the later publications.

References

↑ https://www.belfercenter.org/event/ukraines-nuclear-disarmament-25-years-after-budapest-memorandum Ukraine’s Nuclear Disarmament: 25 Years After the Budapest Memorandum. Fri., Dec. 6, 2019 | 8:30am - 5:30pm.
↑ http://npubop.livejournal.com/2475593.html Если называть вещи своими именами, То сейчас идет война РФ против Украины. 2014-12-17 17:56:00.
↑ http://www.profi-forex.org/novosti-rossii/entry1008208512.html Эксперты назвали 12 фактов, как медаль "За возвращение Крыма" подставила РФ (7). 21 апреля 2014 г. 18:38.
↑ https://www.facebook.com/stopputinsaggression/photos/a.612763438803433.1073741828.612740355472408/700599566686486/?type=1&theater Stop Putin's Aggression. 2014.09.08.
↑ https://www.gutenberg.org/files/236/236-h/236-h.htm#link2H_4_0001 Rudyard Kipling. THE JUNGLE BOOK. Release Date: January 16, 2006 [EBook #236] Last Updated: October 6, 2016. .. Akela lifted his head again and said, “He has eaten our food. He has slept with us. He has driven game for us. He has broken no word of the Law of the Jungle.”// “Also, I paid for him with a bull when he was accepted. The worth of a bull is little, but Bagheera’s honor is something that he will perhaps fight for,” said Bagheera in his gentlest voice.// “A bull paid ten years ago!” the Pack snarled. “What do we care for bones ten years old?”// “Or for a pledge?” said Bagheera, his white teeth bared under his lip. “Well are ye called the Free People!” ..
↑ http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ukraine._Memorandum_on_Security_Assurances
↑ https://t.me/readovkanews/48248 Беспилотники, которые совершили налет на аэродромы в Дягилево и Энгельсе, летели 700 км — до Москвы от места предполагаемого пуска им нужно было пролететь всего 640 км Беспилотники, которые сегодня утром ударили по двум авиабазам в Дягилево и Энгельсе, вероятно, были запущены из Харьковской области. Таким образом, до Рязанской области первому нужно было пролететь примерно 566 км, до Саратовской — около 700. Учитывая разброс ударов, Readovka сделала вывод, что в радиус их действия попадает в том числе Москва, а сам он, вероятно, может достигать 1000 км. Сегодня, напомним, неизвестные беспилотники нанесли удар по авиабазам в Дягилево и Энгельсе. В первом случае взорвался бензовоз, забрав с собой жизни троих человек, а во втором случае, по некоторым данным, БПЛА нанес урон двум самолетам Ту-95. t.me/readovkanews/48248 Dec 5, 2022 at 19:00
↑ https://don24.ru/rubric/politika/strizh-i-kobra-kakie-bpla-ispolzuet-ukraina-dlya-ataki-rossiyskih-regionov.html Александр Безменов. «СТРИЖ» И «КОБРА»: КАКИЕ БПЛА ИСПОЛЬЗУЕТ УКРАИНА ДЛЯ АТАКИ РОССИЙСКИХ РЕГИОНОВ. 07.09.2023
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fmw96ora7VU Останні слова пілотів! Збитий Ту-22 був НЕ ОДИН! На місці падіння знайшли… Телеканал Прямий Apr 20, 2024
↑ https://www.moscowtimes.ru/2024/06/07/aeroport-yuzhno-sahalinska-nahodyaschiisya-v-7-tisyachah-km-ot-granitsi-s-ukrainoi-nachali-gotovit-k-atake-ukrainskih-bespilotnikov-a133373 Аэропорт Южно-Сахалинска, находящийся в 7 тысячах км от границы с Украиной, начали готовить к атаке украинских беспилотников 07.06.2024
↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qU5AHamyNFw&t=360 «СВЯТОЙ» ПУТИН НЕ СМОГ ОТМОЛИТЬ РОССИЮ ОТ ГРЕХОВ! ‪@OmTVUA‬ 5 канал Jun 20, 2024 .. аэропорт южно-сахалинска потратит 300 млн руб на защиту от беспилотников. находится этот аэропорт в 7.000 километров от границы с Украиной..
↑ https://yandex.com/maps/?ll=117.166918%2C60.293371&rl=142.539496%2C46.948508~-104.530357%2C2.786497&z=2.37
↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minsk_Protocol The Minsk Protocol is an agreement which sought to end war in the Donbas region of Ukraine. It was written in 2014 by the Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine, consisting of Ukraine, the Russian Federation, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE),.. with mediation by the leaders of France and Germany in the so-called Normandy Format.
↑ http://onpress.info/v-dnr-zayavili-chto-ukraina-vosstanovila-svoj-yadernyj-potentsial-foto-22342 В «ДНР» заявили, что Украина восстановила свой ядерный потенциал. 9.02.2015. Сторонники террористической организации «ДНР» и «ЛНР» утверждают, что Украина восстановила свой ядерный потенциал..
↑ http://gordonua.com/news/politics/yuriy-rybchinskiy-nas-obmanuli-znachit-my-imeem-pravo-vernut-yadernoe-oruzhie-187487.html Юрий Рыбчинский: Нас обманули, значит, мы имеем право вернуть ядерное оружие. 10 мая, 2017 17.01. Украина должна восстановить свой ядерный статус после того, как был нарушен Будапештский меморандум. Такое мнение высказал украинский поэт Юрий Рыбчинский.
↑ http://www.defenseone.com/threats/2017/05/russian-lawmaker-we-would-use-nukes-if-us-or-nato-enters-crimea/138230/ Patrick Tucker. The Western alliance’s troop buildup in Eastern Europe has Moscow spooked. May 28, 2017. The Western alliance’s troop buildup in Eastern Europe has Moscow spooked.// BRATISLAVA, Slovakia — Russia would be forced to use nuclear weapons in any conflict in which U.S. or NATO forces entered eastern Ukraine, a member of Russia’s parliament told an international gathering of government security officials on Sunday.// “On the issue of NATO expansion on our borders, at some point I heard from the Russian military — and I think they are right — If U.S. forces, NATO forces, are, were, in the Crimea, in eastern Ukraine, Russia is undefendable militarily in case of conflict without using nuclear weapons in the early stage of the conflict,” Russian parliamentarian Vyacheslav Alekseyevich Nikonov told attendees at the GLOBSEC 2017 forum in Bratislava, Slovakia.
↑ https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/22/politics/russia-ukraine-us-what-matters/index.html Zach Wolf. Why Russia's Ukraine aggression matters to Americans. Analysis by Zachary B. Wolf, CNN Updated 1258 GMT (2058 HKT) January 22, 2022.
↑ https://24tv.ua/ru/pochemu-russkie-50-raz-huzhe-nemeckih-nacistov_n1937914 Почему русские в 50 раз хуже немецких нацистов 20:07, 5 апреля (2022) // И почему же россияне хуже немецких нацистов? Я приведу очень простой пример Ирпеня. На момент оккупации из него многие уехали, но там было примерно 20 тысяч населения. В нем русские фашисты убили не менее 500 человек. Потому что сейчас множество людей ищут своих близких, раскапывают разные подвалы, в которых мучили людей, в которых сжигали людей, и находят там своих близких или соседей, или родственников. // За менее чем месяц оккупации россиянами в городке, из которого происходили выходы населения и в котором на момент оккупации было примерно 20 тысяч человек, убито по меньшей мере 500. Пропорцию вы можете посчитать сами. Это через месяц. Что касается Ирпеня во время германо-фашистской оккупации. Тогда в Ирпене проживало около 10 тысяч человек. Из этих 10 тысяч человек за всю войну есть данные о том, что немецкие оккупанты убили 10 человек.
↑ https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/news/2022/06/12/926224-yadernoe-oruzhie В Польше заявили о праве Запада передать Украине ядерное оружие. 12 июня 2022, 13:35 / Политика
↑ https://ria.ru/20230213/oruzhie-1851556547.html Виктория Никифорова. В США задумались о передаче Украине ядерного оружия. 08:00 13.02.2023 (обновлено: 08:11 13.02.2023)
↑ https://wiadomosci.radiozet.pl/swiat/polityka/ukraina-bedzie-miala-bron-atomowa-o-tym-tez-wiedza-rosjanie Ukraina będzie miała broń atomową? "O tym też wiedzą Rosjanie" Igor Maj 06.02.2023 16:12 PODZIEL SIĘ W rozmowie z Radiem Wnet gen. Waldemar Skrzypczak przekonywał, że Ukraina może już teraz posiadać broń nuklearną. Inni eksperci są jednak mocno sceptyczni. Marcin Samsel z Wyższej Szkoły Administracji i Biznesu w Gdyni uważa, że choć w tym momencie Kijów najpewniej takiej broni nie posiada, to ma potencjał, żeby zdobyć ją w niedalekiej przyszłości. ..
↑ https://de.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/07/17/495-ja-stimmen-eu-parlament-unterstutzt-ukraine-weiter 495 Ja-Stimmen: EU-Parlament unterstützt Ukraine weiter // Von Vincenzo Genovese// Zuerst veröffentlicht am 17/07/2024 - 20:28 MESZ// Diesen Artikel teilen// Kommentare// Dieser Artikel wurde im Original veröffentlicht auf Italienisch// Das Europäische Parlament hat in Straßburg mit überwältigender Mehrheit seine erste Resolution verabschiedet, in der es seine Unterstützung für die Ukraine bekräftigt.// Der Text wurde mit großer Mehrheit angenommen: 495 Ja-Stimmen, 137 Nein-Stimmen und 47 Enthaltungen. Damit wird die Zusage bekräftigt, das Land politisch, wirtschaftlich und militärisch zu unterstützen, "solange dies notwendig ist, um den Sieg gegen die russische Invasion sicherzustellen".// Bislang, so heißt es in dem Text, haben die EU und ihre Mitgliedstaaten der Ukraine insgesamt rund 95 Milliarden Euro zur Verfügung gestellt, davon ein Drittel als Militärhilfe. Er unterstützt auch die Aufhebung der Beschränkungen für den Einsatz westlicher Waffen, die an die Ukraine geliefert wurden, um militärische Ziele auf russischem Gebiet zu treffen. ..
↑ https://www.dw.com/ru/pomos-ukraine-novyj-evroparlament-bolsinstvom-za/a-69693316 Виктория Власенко. Помощь Украине: новый Европарламент большинством "за" 17.07.2024
↑ 2024.07.29. https://web.archive.org/web/20240729032906/https://tass.com/world/1808187 Ukraine conflict fraught with risk of nuclear weapons use — Turkish foreign minister// Hakan Fidan stressed that Turkey was ready for mediation on Ukraine and favored an early peaceful settlement of the conflict ..
↑ https://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/go-it-alone-and-let-ukraine-fire-missiles-keir-starmer-told-9mc0q5w2w Five ex-defence secretaries tell PM: let Ukraine fire our missiles After talks in Washington reached a stalemate, Sir Keir Starmer is urged to go it alone exclusive// Caroline Wheeler and Tim Shipman Saturday September 14 2024, 10.00pm BST, The Times // Five former defence secretaries and an ex-prime minister have urged Sir Keir Starmer to allow Ukraine to use its long-range Storm Shadow missiles to strike inside Russia — even without US backing.// Grant Shapps, Ben Wallace, Gavin Williamson, Penny Mordaunt, Liam Fox and Boris Johnson warned the prime minister that any further delay would embolden President Putin.// Wallace said that failure to move now would make Britain “appeasers” of the Kremlin, while Williamson called it a “dereliction of duty” and Johnson added: “There is no conceivable case for delay.”
↑ https://smotrim.ru/article/4145685 16 СЕНТЯБРЯ 2024, 12:32 Эксперт Болтенков: США могут нанести внезапный массированный удар по РФ
↑ https://info24.ru/news/ekspert-nazval-regiony-rf-kotorye-mogut-byt-atakovany-raketami-storm-shadow.html Пашинян объяснил заморозку участия Армении в ОДКБ угрозой суверенитету.. 16:46 16 сентября 2024 .. США думают над разрешением ВСУ бить вглубь России. Какие регионы под угрозой ..
↑ https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/putin-nuclear-doctrine-us-ukraine-strike-russia-war-west-rcna180740 Putin issues new nuclear doctrine in warning to the West over Ukraine// Nov. 19, 2024, 9:44 AM UTC / Updated Nov. 19, 2024, 9:35 PM UTC By Mithil Aggarwal. .. Russian President Vladimir Putin formally lowered the threshold for his country's use of nuclear weapons Tuesday, days after the U.S. allowed Ukraine to strike inside Russia using American missiles.// The Kremlin announced that Putin had approved an updated nuclear doctrine — a document that governs how Russia uses its nuclear arsenal — including the declaration that Moscow could unleash a nuclear strike if subject to an attack by a nonnuclear country that has the support of a nuclear state.
↑ https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj4v0rey0jzo Maia Davies. Putin approves changes to Russia's nuclear doctrine 2024.11.20
↑ https://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/zelensky-nuclear-weapons-bomb-0ddjrs5hw MAXIM TUCKER IN KYIV Could Zelensky use nuclear bombs? Ukraine’s options explained exclusive // Kyiv could rapidly develop a rudimentary weapon similar to that dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 to stop Russia if the US cuts military aid, it has been suggested // Maxim Tucker, Kyiv Thursday November 14 2024, 8.35am, The Times Ukraine could develop a rudimentary nuclear bomb within months if Donald Trump withdraws US military assistance, according to a briefing paper prepared for the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence.// The country would quickly be able to build a basic device from plutonium with a similar technology to the “Fat Man” bomb dropped on Nagasaki in 1945, the report states. “Creating a simple atomic bomb, as the United States did within the framework of the Manhattan Project, would not be a difficult task 80 years later,” the document reads.// With no time to build and run the large facilities required to enrich uranium, wartime Ukraine would have to rely instead on using plutonium extracted from spent fuel rods taken from Ukraine’s nuclear reactors.
↑ The moral questions about methods to stop the aggression fall out of range of validity or the TORI axioms and cannot get a unique certain answer on site mizugadro. The TORI axioms are about things that exist and/or may happen (and may be observed) but not about things that «must be». So, various opinions on the topic in various languages are collected in articles «Forgiveness», «I bombed Dresden», «Payback», «Perdon.Kouznetsov», «А нас то за что», «Апокал»,

2014.04.15. http://news.err.ee/v/politics/4133bae8-8afe-4d57-9a99-6f41c969911c 4/15/2014 2:00 PM. US Senator John McCain visited Tallinn as part of a tour of Baltic nations, Norway and Moldova, and was interviewed by ETV's "Välisilm" program on Monday. .. We should support Ukraine as Ukraine and the USA are related with the Budapest memorandum.."

2014.07.11. https://thediplomat.com/2014/07/russia-threatens-nuclear-strikes-over-crimea/ Zachary Keck. Russia Threatens Nuclear Strikes Over Crimea Russian FM Lavrov warned that Russia could resort to nuclear weapons if Ukraine tried to retake Crimea. July 11, 2014

2016.04.28, the project of special bill in support of Ukraine is suggested in the USA: https://democrats-foreignaffairs.house.gov/sites/democrats.foreignaffairs.house.gov/files/H.R.%205094.pdf https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/hr5094/text 114th CONGRESS// 2d Session// H. R. 5094// IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES// April 28, 2016 Mr. Engel (for himself, Mr. Kinzinger of Illinois, Mr. Levin, Mr. Fitzpatrick, Ms. Kaptur, Mr. Abraham, Mr. Costa, Mr. Weber of Texas, Mr. Deutch, Mr. Pompeo, Mr. Cicilline, Mr. Shimkus, Mr. Keating, Mr. Bilirakis, Mr. Cohen, and Mr. Ribble) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Financial Services, the Judiciary, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned// A BILL // To contain, reverse, and deter Russian aggression in Ukraine, to assist Ukraine’s democratic transition, and for other purposes. .. (a)Short title // This Act may be cited as the Stability and Democracy for Ukraine Act or STAND for Ukraine Act.

2024.02.21. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHCERPUSdZI РФ підірвали слова ГОНЧАРЕНКА! Скабеєва боїться ЯДЕРКИ по Москві, Блінкен побачив у чому промах США. Телеканал Прямий.

2024.04.20. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/apr/20/us-house-approves-61bn-aid-ukraine Robert Tait, Joan E Greve and Chris Michael. US House approves $61bn in military aid for Ukraine after months of stalling. Sat 20 Apr 2024 22.46 BST

2024.04.21. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-68848277 Ukraine Russia war: US House passes crucial aid deal worth $61bn By Anthony Zurcher, James Waterhouse & Jacqueline Howard, BBC News in Washington, Kyiv and London

2024.05.21. https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/may/21/russia-begins-tactical-nuclear-weapon-drills-near-ukraine-border Pjotr Sauer. Russia begins tactical nuclear weapon drills near Ukraine border. Tue 21 May 2024 18.17 BST

2024.05.22. https://www.dw.com/en/would-russia-really-attack-ukraine-with-nuclear-weapons/a-69020821 Roman Goncharenko. Would Russia really attack Ukraine with nuclear weapons? 05/22/2024 May 22, 2024 For the first time since the 2022 invasion, Russia wants to carry out tactical nuclear weapons exercises near the Ukrainian border. But experts don't think an attack is imminent. It's more about political messaging.

Keywords

«Annexation of Crimea», «Budapest memorandum», «Collapse of RF», «Designate Russia as state sponsor of terrorism «Fascism», «I bombed Dresden», «Moscovia», «New World Order», «Putin world war», «Russia», «Russian invasion into Ukraine», «Stop Putin», «United Kingdom», «USA»,

«Аннексия Крыма», «Будапештский меморандум», «Путинская коалиция», «Философия Меркель», «[[]]», «Хотят ли русские войны»,

[1] ttps://www.belfercenter.org/event/ukraines-nuclear-disarmament-25-years-after-budapest-memorandum Ukraine’s Nuclear Disarmament: 25 Years After the Budapest Memorandum. Fri., Dec. 6, 2019 | 8:30am - 5:30pm.

[2] ttp://npubop.livejournal.com/2475593.html Если называть вещи своими именами, То сейчас идет война РФ против Украины. 2014-12-17 17:56:00.

[profi-3] ttp://www.profi-forex.org/novosti-rossii/entry1008208512.html Эксперты назвали 12 фактов, как медаль "За возвращение Крыма" подставила РФ (7). 21 апреля 2014 г. 18:38.

[4] ttps://www.facebook.com/stopputinsaggression/photos/a.612763438803433.1073741828.612740355472408/700599566686486/?type=1&theater Stop Putin's Aggression. 2014.09.08.

[5] ttps://www.gutenberg.org/files/236/236-h/236-h.htm#link2H_4_0001 Rudyard Kipling. THE JUNGLE BOOK. Release Date: January 16, 2006 [EBook #236] Last Updated: October 6, 2016. .. Akela lifted his head again and said, “He has eaten our food. He has slept with us. He has driven game for us. He has broken no word of the Law of the Jungle.”// “Also, I paid for him with a bull when he was accepted. The worth of a bull is little, but Bagheera’s honor is something that he will perhaps fight for,” said Bagheera in his gentlest voice.// “A bull paid ten years ago!” the Pack snarled. “What do we care for bones ten years old?”// “Or for a pledge?” said Bagheera, his white teeth bared under his lip. “Well are ye called the Free People!” ..

[6] ttp://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ukraine._Memorandum_on_Security_Assurances

[readovkanews2022-7] ttps://t.me/readovkanews/48248 Беспилотники, которые совершили налет на аэродромы в Дягилево и Энгельсе, летели 700 км — до Москвы от места предполагаемого пуска им нужно было пролететь всего 640 км Беспилотники, которые сегодня утром ударили по двум авиабазам в Дягилево и Энгельсе, вероятно, были запущены из Харьковской области. Таким образом, до Рязанской области первому нужно было пролететь примерно 566 км, до Саратовской — около 700. Учитывая разброс ударов, Readovka сделала вывод, что в радиус их действия попадает в том числе Москва, а сам он, вероятно, может достигать 1000 км. Сегодня, напомним, неизвестные беспилотники нанесли удар по авиабазам в Дягилево и Энгельсе. В первом случае взорвался бензовоз, забрав с собой жизни троих человек, а во втором случае, по некоторым данным, БПЛА нанес урон двум самолетам Ту-95. t.me/readovkanews/48248 Dec 5, 2022 at 19:00

[bezmenov2023-8] ttps://don24.ru/rubric/politika/strizh-i-kobra-kakie-bpla-ispolzuet-ukraina-dlya-ataki-rossiyskih-regionov.html Александр Безменов. «СТРИЖ» И «КОБРА»: КАКИЕ БПЛА ИСПОЛЬЗУЕТ УКРАИНА ДЛЯ АТАКИ РОССИЙСКИХ РЕГИОНОВ. 07.09.2023

[9] ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fmw96ora7VU Останні слова пілотів! Збитий Ту-22 був НЕ ОДИН! На місці падіння знайшли… Телеканал Прямий Apr 20, 2024

[mt-10] ttps://www.moscowtimes.ru/2024/06/07/aeroport-yuzhno-sahalinska-nahodyaschiisya-v-7-tisyachah-km-ot-granitsi-s-ukrainoi-nachali-gotovit-k-atake-ukrainskih-bespilotnikov-a133373 Аэропорт Южно-Сахалинска, находящийся в 7 тысячах км от границы с Украиной, начали готовить к атаке украинских беспилотников 07.06.2024

[om-11] ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qU5AHamyNFw&t=360 «СВЯТОЙ» ПУТИН НЕ СМОГ ОТМОЛИТЬ РОССИЮ ОТ ГРЕХОВ! ‪@OmTVUA‬ 5 канал Jun 20, 2024 .. аэропорт южно-сахалинска потратит 300 млн руб на защиту от беспилотников. находится этот аэропорт в 7.000 километров от границы с Украиной..

[ya-12] ttps://yandex.com/maps/?ll=117.166918%2C60.293371&rl=142.539496%2C46.948508~-104.530357%2C2.786497&z=2.37

[13] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minsk_Protocol The Minsk Protocol is an agreement which sought to end war in the Donbas region of Ukraine. It was written in 2014 by the Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine, consisting of Ukraine, the Russian Federation, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE),.. with mediation by the leaders of France and Germany in the so-called Normandy Format.

[14] ttp://onpress.info/v-dnr-zayavili-chto-ukraina-vosstanovila-svoj-yadernyj-potentsial-foto-22342 В «ДНР» заявили, что Украина восстановила свой ядерный потенциал. 9.02.2015. Сторонники террористической организации «ДНР» и «ЛНР» утверждают, что Украина восстановила свой ядерный потенциал..

[15] ttp://gordonua.com/news/politics/yuriy-rybchinskiy-nas-obmanuli-znachit-my-imeem-pravo-vernut-yadernoe-oruzhie-187487.html Юрий Рыбчинский: Нас обманули, значит, мы имеем право вернуть ядерное оружие. 10 мая, 2017 17.01. Украина должна восстановить свой ядерный статус после того, как был нарушен Будапештский меморандум. Такое мнение высказал украинский поэт Юрий Рыбчинский.

[16] ttp://www.defenseone.com/threats/2017/05/russian-lawmaker-we-would-use-nukes-if-us-or-nato-enters-crimea/138230/ Patrick Tucker. The Western alliance’s troop buildup in Eastern Europe has Moscow spooked. May 28, 2017. The Western alliance’s troop buildup in Eastern Europe has Moscow spooked.// BRATISLAVA, Slovakia — Russia would be forced to use nuclear weapons in any conflict in which U.S. or NATO forces entered eastern Ukraine, a member of Russia’s parliament told an international gathering of government security officials on Sunday.// “On the issue of NATO expansion on our borders, at some point I heard from the Russian military — and I think they are right — If U.S. forces, NATO forces, are, were, in the Crimea, in eastern Ukraine, Russia is undefendable militarily in case of conflict without using nuclear weapons in the early stage of the conflict,” Russian parliamentarian Vyacheslav Alekseyevich Nikonov told attendees at the GLOBSEC 2017 forum in Bratislava, Slovakia.

[17] ttps://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/22/politics/russia-ukraine-us-what-matters/index.html Zach Wolf. Why Russia's Ukraine aggression matters to Americans. Analysis by Zachary B. Wolf, CNN Updated 1258 GMT (2058 HKT) January 22, 2022.

[18] ttps://24tv.ua/ru/pochemu-russkie-50-raz-huzhe-nemeckih-nacistov_n1937914 Почему русские в 50 раз хуже немецких нацистов 20:07, 5 апреля (2022) // И почему же россияне хуже немецких нацистов? Я приведу очень простой пример Ирпеня. На момент оккупации из него многие уехали, но там было примерно 20 тысяч населения. В нем русские фашисты убили не менее 500 человек. Потому что сейчас множество людей ищут своих близких, раскапывают разные подвалы, в которых мучили людей, в которых сжигали людей, и находят там своих близких или соседей, или родственников. // За менее чем месяц оккупации россиянами в городке, из которого происходили выходы населения и в котором на момент оккупации было примерно 20 тысяч человек, убито по меньшей мере 500. Пропорцию вы можете посчитать сами. Это через месяц. Что касается Ирпеня во время германо-фашистской оккупации. Тогда в Ирпене проживало около 10 тысяч человек. Из этих 10 тысяч человек за всю войну есть данные о том, что немецкие оккупанты убили 10 человек.

[19] ttps://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/news/2022/06/12/926224-yadernoe-oruzhie В Польше заявили о праве Запада передать Украине ядерное оружие. 12 июня 2022, 13:35 / Политика

[20] ttps://ria.ru/20230213/oruzhie-1851556547.html Виктория Никифорова. В США задумались о передаче Украине ядерного оружия. 08:00 13.02.2023 (обновлено: 08:11 13.02.2023)

[21] ttps://wiadomosci.radiozet.pl/swiat/polityka/ukraina-bedzie-miala-bron-atomowa-o-tym-tez-wiedza-rosjanie Ukraina będzie miała broń atomową? "O tym też wiedzą Rosjanie" Igor Maj 06.02.2023 16:12 PODZIEL SIĘ W rozmowie z Radiem Wnet gen. Waldemar Skrzypczak przekonywał, że Ukraina może już teraz posiadać broń nuklearną. Inni eksperci są jednak mocno sceptyczni. Marcin Samsel z Wyższej Szkoły Administracji i Biznesu w Gdyni uważa, że choć w tym momencie Kijów najpewniej takiej broni nie posiada, to ma potencjał, żeby zdobyć ją w niedalekiej przyszłości. ..

[22] ttps://de.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/07/17/495-ja-stimmen-eu-parlament-unterstutzt-ukraine-weiter 495 Ja-Stimmen: EU-Parlament unterstützt Ukraine weiter // Von Vincenzo Genovese// Zuerst veröffentlicht am 17/07/2024 - 20:28 MESZ// Diesen Artikel teilen// Kommentare// Dieser Artikel wurde im Original veröffentlicht auf Italienisch// Das Europäische Parlament hat in Straßburg mit überwältigender Mehrheit seine erste Resolution verabschiedet, in der es seine Unterstützung für die Ukraine bekräftigt.// Der Text wurde mit großer Mehrheit angenommen: 495 Ja-Stimmen, 137 Nein-Stimmen und 47 Enthaltungen. Damit wird die Zusage bekräftigt, das Land politisch, wirtschaftlich und militärisch zu unterstützen, "solange dies notwendig ist, um den Sieg gegen die russische Invasion sicherzustellen".// Bislang, so heißt es in dem Text, haben die EU und ihre Mitgliedstaaten der Ukraine insgesamt rund 95 Milliarden Euro zur Verfügung gestellt, davon ein Drittel als Militärhilfe. Er unterstützt auch die Aufhebung der Beschränkungen für den Einsatz westlicher Waffen, die an die Ukraine geliefert wurden, um militärische Ziele auf russischem Gebiet zu treffen. ..

[23] ttps://www.dw.com/ru/pomos-ukraine-novyj-evroparlament-bolsinstvom-za/a-69693316 Виктория Власенко. Помощь Украине: новый Европарламент большинством "за" 17.07.2024

[24] 2024.07.29. https://web.archive.org/web/20240729032906/https://tass.com/world/1808187 Ukraine conflict fraught with risk of nuclear weapons use — Turkish foreign minister// Hakan Fidan stressed that Turkey was ready for mediation on Ukraine and favored an early peaceful settlement of the conflict ..

[25] ttps://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/go-it-alone-and-let-ukraine-fire-missiles-keir-starmer-told-9mc0q5w2w Five ex-defence secretaries tell PM: let Ukraine fire our missiles After talks in Washington reached a stalemate, Sir Keir Starmer is urged to go it alone exclusive// Caroline Wheeler and Tim Shipman Saturday September 14 2024, 10.00pm BST, The Times // Five former defence secretaries and an ex-prime minister have urged Sir Keir Starmer to allow Ukraine to use its long-range Storm Shadow missiles to strike inside Russia — even without US backing.// Grant Shapps, Ben Wallace, Gavin Williamson, Penny Mordaunt, Liam Fox and Boris Johnson warned the prime minister that any further delay would embolden President Putin.// Wallace said that failure to move now would make Britain “appeasers” of the Kremlin, while Williamson called it a “dereliction of duty” and Johnson added: “There is no conceivable case for delay.”

[26] ttps://smotrim.ru/article/4145685 16 СЕНТЯБРЯ 2024, 12:32 Эксперт Болтенков: США могут нанести внезапный массированный удар по РФ

[27] ttps://info24.ru/news/ekspert-nazval-regiony-rf-kotorye-mogut-byt-atakovany-raketami-storm-shadow.html Пашинян объяснил заморозку участия Армении в ОДКБ угрозой суверенитету.. 16:46 16 сентября 2024 .. США думают над разрешением ВСУ бить вглубь России. Какие регионы под угрозой ..

[28] ttps://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/putin-nuclear-doctrine-us-ukraine-strike-russia-war-west-rcna180740 Putin issues new nuclear doctrine in warning to the West over Ukraine// Nov. 19, 2024, 9:44 AM UTC / Updated Nov. 19, 2024, 9:35 PM UTC By Mithil Aggarwal. .. Russian President Vladimir Putin formally lowered the threshold for his country's use of nuclear weapons Tuesday, days after the U.S. allowed Ukraine to strike inside Russia using American missiles.// The Kremlin announced that Putin had approved an updated nuclear doctrine — a document that governs how Russia uses its nuclear arsenal — including the declaration that Moscow could unleash a nuclear strike if subject to an attack by a nonnuclear country that has the support of a nuclear state.

[29] ttps://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj4v0rey0jzo Maia Davies. Putin approves changes to Russia's nuclear doctrine 2024.11.20

[30] ttps://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/zelensky-nuclear-weapons-bomb-0ddjrs5hw MAXIM TUCKER IN KYIV Could Zelensky use nuclear bombs? Ukraine’s options explained exclusive // Kyiv could rapidly develop a rudimentary weapon similar to that dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 to stop Russia if the US cuts military aid, it has been suggested // Maxim Tucker, Kyiv Thursday November 14 2024, 8.35am, The Times Ukraine could develop a rudimentary nuclear bomb within months if Donald Trump withdraws US military assistance, according to a briefing paper prepared for the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence.// The country would quickly be able to build a basic device from plutonium with a similar technology to the “Fat Man” bomb dropped on Nagasaki in 1945, the report states. “Creating a simple atomic bomb, as the United States did within the framework of the Manhattan Project, would not be a difficult task 80 years later,” the document reads.// With no time to build and run the large facilities required to enrich uranium, wartime Ukraine would have to rely instead on using plutonium extracted from spent fuel rods taken from Ukraine’s nuclear reactors.

[31] The moral questions about methods to stop the aggression fall out of range of validity or the TORI axioms and cannot get a unique certain answer on site mizugadro. The TORI axioms are about things that exist and/or may happen (and may be observed) but not about things that «must be». So, various opinions on the topic in various languages are collected in articles «Forgiveness», «I bombed Dresden», «Payback», «Perdon.Kouznetsov», «А нас то за что», «Апокал»,

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